2.2. STUDY AREA AND METHODKaduna State is located at the centre of Nor terjemahan - 2.2. STUDY AREA AND METHODKaduna State is located at the centre of Nor Bahasa Indonesia Bagaimana mengatakan

2.2. STUDY AREA AND METHODKaduna St

2.2. STUDY AREA AND METHOD

Kaduna State is located at the centre of Northern Nigeria (Figure 1). It is situated on the southern end of the High Plains of northern Nigeria, bounded by parallels 9003'N and 11032'N, and extends from the upper River Mariga on 6005'E to 8048'E on the foot slopes of the scarp of Jos Plateau [18].The bedrock geology is predominantly metamorphic rocks of the Nigerian Basement Complex consisting of biotite gneisses and older granites. In the southeastern corner, younger granites and batholiths are evident.Deep chemical weathering and fluvial erosion, influenced by the bioclimatic nature of the environment, have developed the characteristic high undulating plains with subdued interfluves [18]. In some places, the interfluves are capped by high grade lateritic ironstone especially in the Northwest.However, soils within the "fadama" areas are richer in kaolinitic clay and organic matter, very heavy and poorly drained characteristics of vertisols.

Kaduna State is endowed with minerals which include clay, serpentine, asbestos, amethyst, kyannite, gold, graphite and siltimanite graphite, which is found in Sabon Birnin Gwari, in the Birnin Gwari local government. The soils and vegetation are typical red-brown to red-yellow tropical ferruginous soils and savannah grassland with scattered trees and woody shrubs. The soils in the upland areas are rich in red clay and sand but poor in organic matter. In [15], Kaduna area is noted as a historic home of the Nok culture, the earliest producer of terracotta sculptures in the whole of sub-Sahara African, dating over 2,000 years ago (Figure 2). This reference has provided an index to age-long clay mineral heritage; besides serving as a mirror to civilization with which the modern man has been able to find out more about himself and the environment at such point in recorded history [19]

In recent times, apart from traditional purposes, the vast deposit of clay has basically served as raw material for pottery and red bricks production with a handful industrial presence. The fieldwork survey identified three prominent clay-based industries striving to survive the threats of unfavorable economic factors. The clay industrial sites were examined in relation to productive means of utilising the raw materials. The industries included Kaduna Clay Bricks at Mararaba-Rido and Jacaranda Pottery both located around Kaduna South and Maraba Pottery Center in Maraban Jos, Kaduna, Nigeria. The firsthand knowledge of the various productive uses of Kaduna’s rich clay reserves,however, indicated prospects for industrial expansion if the mineral is properly explored and harnessed.
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2.2. STUDI AREA DAN METODE negara bagian Kaduna terletak di pusat Nigeria Utara (Gambar 1). Hal ini terletak di ujung selatan Plains Tinggi dari Nigeria Utara, dibatasi oleh paralel 9003'N dan 11032'N, dan memanjang dari Sungai marige atas pada 6005'E untuk 8048'E di lereng kaki lereng curam dari Jos Plateau [18] an batuan geologi didominasi Nigeria Basement Complex yang terdiri dari batuan metamorf dari gneisses biotit dan granit tua. Di sudut tenggara, granit muda dan batholith yang evident.Deep kimia pelapukan dan erosi fluvial, dipengaruhi oleh sifat lingkungan bioclimatic, telah mengembangkan dataran bergelombang karakteristik dengan tenang interfluve tinggi [18]. Di beberapa tempat, terutama di interfluve yang dibatasi oleh kelas tinggi ironstone Northwest.However laterit, tanah dalam "Fadama" daerah yang kaya di tanah liat kaolinitik dan bahan organik, sangat berat dan karakteristik buruk terkuras Vertisols. Kaduna Negara diberkahi dengan yang meliputi mineral lempung, serpentine, asbes, amethyst, kyannite, emas, grafit dan grafit siltimanite, yang ditemukan di Sabon Birnin GWAR, di pemerintah daerah Birnin GWAR. Tanah dan vegetasi yang khas merah-coklat ke tanah mengandung besi merah-kuning tropis dan savana padang rumput dengan pohon-pohon dan semak-semak berkayu yang tersebar. Tanah di daerah dataran tinggi yang kaya tanah liat merah dan pasir tapi miskin bahan organik. Dalam [15], daerah Kaduna dicatat sebagai rumah bersejarah budaya Nok, produser awal patung terakota di seluruh sub-Sahara Afrika, dating lebih dari 2.000 tahun yang lalu (Gambar 2). Referensi ini telah memberikan indeks warisan mineral clay usia panjang; selain melayani sebagai cermin peradaban dengan yang manusia modern telah mampu mengetahui lebih lanjut tentang dirinya dan lingkungan di titik seperti yang tercatat dalam sejarah [19] Dalam beberapa kali, selain dari tujuan tradisional, pada dasarnya disajikan deposit luas tanah liat tembikar dan batu bata merah sebagai bahan baku untuk produksi industri dengan kehadiran beberapa. Survei lapangan mengidentifikasi tiga industri berbasis tanah liat terkemuka berjuang untuk bertahan hidup ancaman dari faktor ekonomi yang tidak menguntungkan. Situs industri liat diperiksa dalam kaitannya dengan sarana produktif memanfaatkan bahan baku. Industri termasuk Bricks Kaduna Tanah Liat di Mararaba Rido-Jacaranda dan Pottery keduanya terletak di sekitar Kaduna Selatan dan Maraba Pottery Center di Maraban Jos, Kaduna, Nigeria. Pengetahuan langsung dari berbagai penggunaan produktif cadangan tanah liat Kaduna kaya, bagaimanapun, menunjukkan prospek untuk ekspansi industri jika mineral dengan benar dieksplorasi dan dimanfaatkan.





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